Solution

Money plays an important role in human life by fulfilling basic needs and paving the way to various pleasures of life.

The selfish rich are puzzled by their failure to find happiness where they expected to find it, as their hard-earned wealth could not bring the happiness it promised.

Money fails to bring happiness because love and affection do not depend on material things, and money has little power to satisfy the yearnings and hunger of the heart and mind.

One finds love, affection and peace in a common, simple and greedless life.

buy

greedless

satisfy the desires and hunger of the heart and mind.

Measures Needed to Ensure Free and Fair Competitive Examinations

Competitive examinations play a vital role in selecting deserving candidates for various higher education courses and public services. However, recent incidents of paper leaks, cheating, and administrative irregularities have shaken the trust of millions of hardworking students. To restore integrity, stringent measures must be implemented immediately.

First, strict legislation with severe penalties, including heavy fines and long-term imprisonment, should be enforced against paper leak mafias and corrupt officials. Second, advanced technology such as biometric attendance, CCTV monitoring, dynamic QR codes, and AI-based surveillance must be deployed at every examination centre. Third, the storage and transportation of question papers should be secured using high-level encryption and tamper-evident packaging under strict security supervision. Furthermore, continuous background verification of examination administrative staff and private agencies is essential. Conducting competitive exams in a transparent, free, and fair manner is crucial to safeguarding the future of the nation's youth.

Widespread Unemployment and Its Effective Solutions

Unemployment is one of the most critical challenges facing our country today. Despite possessing educational qualifications, millions of young graduates struggle to secure suitable employment. The primary causes include a rapid increase in population, a mismatch between academic curricula and industry requirements, and limited industrial expansion.

To overcome widespread unemployment, effective and realistic solutions are required. First, the education system must be reformed by integrating skill development and practical vocational training into school and college curricula. Second, the government should promote entrepreneurship and self-employment by offering easy credit, tax incentives, and mentorship to startups through schemes like Make in India and Stand Up India. Third, expanding the manufacturing, agricultural processing, and information technology sectors can generate millions of new job opportunities. Empowering youth with market-relevant skills will pave the way for sustainable economic growth and reduced unemployment.

Merits and Demerits of Privatization of School Education

The privatization of school education has become a topic of intense debate in modern society. Like two sides of a coin, it offers significant advantages as well as distinct disadvantages.

On the positive side, private schools generally provide superior infrastructure, modern teaching technology, smart classrooms, and a wide array of extracurricular activities. They maintain high standards of discipline, well-equipped laboratories, and focus heavily on English medium instruction, preparing students for competitive global environments.

However, the major demerit of privatization is commercialization. High admission fees and continuous financial demands make quality education unaffordable for poor and lower-middle-class families, widening the social inequality gap. Furthermore, profit-driven management sometimes compromises teacher welfare and stresses rote learning over holistic development. A balanced approach with government regulation on fee structures can help preserve the merits while minimizing the drawbacks of private schooling.

Examination Hall

XYZ Town

10 March 2026

To

The District Magistrate

District ABC

Subject: Complaint regarding insanitary conditions in post-flood affected locality

Respected Sir,

I am writing this letter to bring to your kind notice the extremely insanitary and alarming conditions prevailing in our locality, Model Town, following the recent floods.

Although the floodwaters have receded, they have left behind thick layers of mud, rotting garbage, and stagnant water in streets and residential premises. The drains are completely choked, giving off a foul smell and creating ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes and harmful bacteria. As a result, several residents, particularly children and senior citizens, are falling ill with vector-borne diseases like dengue, malaria, and cholera.

Despite repeated appeals to the local municipal authorities, no sanitization drive, fogging, or garbage clearance has been initiated so far. Drinking water pipelines are also at risk of contamination.

Therefore, I earnestly request you to urgently deploy municipal sanitation teams to clear the debris, spray disinfectants and insecticides, and arrange clean drinking water tankers in our area to prevent an epidemic.

Thanking you.

Yours faithfully,

A Concerned Resident

To

The Principal

Government Inter College

ABC City

10 March 2026

Subject: Request for providing proper games and sports facilities

Respected Sir,

With due respect, I beg to state on behalf of the students of Class XII that the existing games and sports facilities in our school are inadequate to meet the needs of the students.

At present, our school lacks basic sports equipment such as proper footballs, basketballs, cricket kits, and badminton rackets. Furthermore, the school playground requires maintenance, as it is uneven and lacks proper boundary markings. Due to these limitations, students who are eager to participate in district and state-level sports competitions are unable to practice effectively. Physical education is an integral part of our overall growth, discipline, and health.

I, therefore, request you to kindly arrange for new sports equipment, renovate the school playground, and allocate regular periods for sports activities. This will encourage students to develop their athletic talents alongside academic excellence.

We shall be extremely grateful to you for your kind consideration.

Thanking you.

Yours obediently,

XYZ

Student Representative

सही विकल्प: i) My friend is very diligent.

व्याख्या: 'Industrious' का अर्थ परिश्रम करने वाला (मेहनती) होता है और 'diligent' का अर्थ भी परिश्रमी होता है।

सही विकल्प: iii) Victory — Defeat

व्याख्या: 'Victory' (विजय) और 'Defeat' (पराजय) परस्पर विलोम शब्द (antonyms) हैं।

सही विकल्प: iv) He did not obey my order.

व्याख्या: Phrasal verb 'carry out' का अर्थ आज्ञा का पालन करना होता है, अतः इसका अर्थ 'did not obey my order' है।

सही विकल्प: ii) genius

व्याख्या: असाधारण रूप से प्रतिभाशाली या बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति के लिए 'genius' शब्द का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

सही विकल्प: iv) Why did you not go to school today ?

व्याख्या: यह वाक्य ग्रामर के नियमानुसार पूर्णतः सही है।

i) Ramu exclaimed with sorrow that he was undone.

ii) The teacher said that God is everywhere.

i) As he was ill, he could not go to market.

ii) Krishna died in her birthplace village.

i) Can you ever forget me?

ii) Seema is taller than all other girls.

i) Linguistics is my favourite subject.

ii) No news is good news.

i) Confident: She is confident of her success in the board examination.

Confidant: Rohan is my true confidant who knows all my secrets.

ii) Check: The policeman stopped the car to check the driver's license.

Cheque: He paid the school fees through a bank cheque.

Education should be according to the interest of the students. If a student has literary talent, teaching him science or commerce is useless. Education at the High School and Intermediate level should be compulsory for everyone. Only talented students are suitable for the university. The level of secondary education should be such that a student can become a worthy citizen and capable of doing general work.

The inhabitants of Seemapuri were squatters who came from Bangladesh in 1971. They survived primarily by ragpicking. For them, ragpicking was their sole means of survival and livelihood, serving as their daily bread and a roof over their heads.

अथवा

How did the rattrap seller make rattraps ? What for did he make them ?

उत्तर:

The rattrap seller made small rattraps of wire himself. He got the material for making them by begging in the stores or at the big farms. He made and sold them to earn his living, though his business was not very profitable.

On his last day, M. Hamel taught a French grammar lesson, followed by a writing lesson where students wrote "France, Alsace". He also taught history and guided the infants as they chanted their alphabet, emphasizing the beauty and clarity of the French language.

अथवा

What did the garbage mean for children of Seemapuri ? What did they find in it ?

उत्तर:

For the children of Seemapuri, garbage was wrapped in wonder. Unlike adults who viewed it as a means of survival, children searched through it hoping to find a rupee, a ten-rupee note, or a silver coin, which gave them hope of finding more.

Douglas was deeply terrified of water due to two traumatic childhood incidents. To overcome his fear, he hired a professional instructor who built a swimmer out of him piece by piece. The instructor put a belt around Douglas attached to a rope that went through a pulley, making him practice swimming back and forth across the pool for months. The instructor taught him to put his face under water and exhale, and to raise his nose and inhale. He also trained him to kick his legs. After seven months, the instructor combined these steps into an integrated whole. Later, Douglas swam alone in Lake Wentworth and Warm Lake to completely eliminate any remaining terror, finally becoming a fearless swimmer.

Gandhiji played a pivotal role in improving the plight of the Champaran peasants. He gathered facts, disobeyed court orders to leave Champaran, and organized the sharecroppers. His peaceful defiance forced the British government to drop the case against him. Through an official commission of inquiry, he made the British landlords refund 25 percent of the extorted money to the peasants, breaking the prestige of the landlords and instilling courage in the farmers. Beyond legal relief, Gandhiji worked for the social and cultural upliftment of Champaran by opening schools, arranging medical aid, improving sanitation, and teaching the villagers self-reliance and freedom from fear.

The earth teaches us that there can be life under apparent stillness. When everything seems dead during quietness or winter, it later proves to be alive, showing that stillness is not total inactivity but a stage for rebirth and renewal.

The Earth and nature remain alive even when everything around appears to be dead and inactive.

Poem: Keeping Quiet

Poet: Pablo Neruda

The poem 'Aunt Jennifer's Tigers' by Adrienne Rich highlights the struggles, constraints, and oppression faced by women in a male-dominated patriarchal society. Aunt Jennifer creates bright, proud tigers on a tapestry to express her deep inner desire for freedom, courage, and self-expression. The tigers are bold, chivalric, and fearless, pacing freely in a green forest. In contrast, Aunt Jennifer is weighed down by the heavy duties and emotional burdens of her married life, symbolized by the weight of Uncle's wedding band. Even after her death, her handiwork will survive, leaving behind an immortal symbol of uninhibited strength and freedom that she could never enjoy in her own life.

The poem 'A Thing of Beauty' by John Keats is based on the romantic belief that a beautiful object is a constant source of joy and eternal happiness. Its beauty increases endlessly and never fades into nothingness. Beautiful things act as a quiet bower that provides restful sleep, sweet dreams, good health, and mental peace. Despite the despondency, suffering, sadness, and lack of noble human qualities in the world, the beauty of nature—such as the sun, the moon, old and young trees, daffodils, clear streams, and grand legends of the dead—removes the dark shade of gloom from our lives and binds us to the earth.

The poem 'My Mother at Sixty-six' by Kamala Das focuses on the human theme of aging, fear of loss, and emotional attachment. While driving to the Cochin airport with her mother, the poet notices her mother's pale, faded, and corpse-like face, which triggers a painful childhood fear of losing her. To escape this painful thought, the poet looks out of the car window at young sprinting trees and happy children, symbolizing vitality and youth in sharp contrast to her mother's declining health. Despite her deep sadness and anxiety, the poet smiles at the airport to comfort her mother and hides her genuine grief behind the hopeful words, "See you soon, Amma."

To fulfill his pledge of killing one hundred tigers, the Maharaja had already hunted seventy tigers in his state of Pratibandhapuram, after which the tiger population there became extinct. To find the remaining thirty tigers, the Maharaja decided to marry a princess from a royal state that owned a large forest area with a vast tiger population. Whenever he visited his father-in-law's kingdom, he killed five or six tigers, thereby successfully bringing his total hunt to ninety-nine tigers.

अथवा

Dr. Sadao Hoki was a famous Japanese surgeon and scientist who had spent years in America studying surgery and medicine. He was perfecting a discovery to make wounds entirely clean. His house was located on a coastal area of Japan, built upon a low, square stone base right above the narrow rocks of the beach, surrounded by bent pine trees.

The chief astrologer had predicted at the birth of the prince of Pratibandhapuram that since he was born in the hour of the Bull, and the Bull and the Tiger are traditional enemies, his death would come from a tiger. The astrologer cautioned the king that while he might successfully kill ninety-nine tigers, he must be extremely careful with the hundredth tiger, as it would cause his ultimate demise.

अथवा

Derry was deeply impressed by Mr. Lamb's positive outlook, cheerful nature, and accepting attitude toward life. Unlike other people who either feared, pitied, or avoided Derry because of his burnt face, Mr. Lamb welcomed him, treated him normally, and taught him that physical disability should not hinder anyone from enjoying life, listening to natural sounds, and living with confidence.

The third level refers to an imaginary, sub-surface level at Grand Central Station in New York, whereas in reality, there were only two levels. For the protagonist Charley, the third level served as an escape mechanism from the harsh, stressful, modern world filled with insecurity, fear, war, and worries.

In his subconscious mind, this level opened up a corridor to the year 1894 in Galesburg, Illinois, a peaceful era marked by brass spittoons, gaslights, traditional clothing, old currency, and calm living. Thus, the third level symbolizes a psychological refuge and a medium of time travel created by Charley to seek peace away from modern anxieties.

When Bama's elder brother Annan explained the social injustice of untouchability to her after she saw an elder carrying a food packet by its string for an upper-caste person, Bama felt deeply pained, furious, and humiliated. She felt outraged that human beings were denied basic dignity and respect simply because of their birth in a lower caste.

Annan advised her that education was the only powerful tool to overcome social discrimination, as academic success would earn them respect and equality. Taking his advice seriously, Bama studied with intense dedication, secured top marks in her examinations, made many friends, and successfully fought against the stigma of caste inequality.